Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Coagulation Dysfunction and Immune Inflammatory Response Related to Sepsis

Abstract

Thrombocytopenia and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) are clinical pathological syndromes characterized by an imbalance between clotting and fibrinolysis activation as the primary pathogenic mechanism. DIC is a fatal complication of sepsis, which significantly increases the patient's mortality rate. Inflammation and coagulation act as the first line of defence against infection, with inflammation activation leading to the upregulation of clotting function, resulting in DIC. Thrombus formation due to the inflammatory response is a sacrifice of tissue circulation in order to prevent the systemic spread of pathogens, but it can be detrimental to the host itself. There is a close link between the inflammatory response and sepsis-related coagulopathy. Studies of coagulopathy mechanisms from immunologic and inflammatory aspects provide new approaches for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of DIC. This paper aims to summarize the research results in terms of immunoinflammatory and review the mechanism of sepsis-related coagulopathy.